Robotics

Mobility applications often contain a significant robotic component. For example, exoskeletons to expand muscular performance, personally launched rovers and walkers, and artificial organs all require actuation and control. Tethered or rigid robots can tolerate relatively well-understood electric motors and wall-derived power, but autonomous robots must consider alternate actuation modes that may be non-electric. The fundamentals of control for systems autonomously powered pneumatically or hydraulically require resolution.